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Absentees
1394

An essential ingredient of a successful cardinal’s court, was permission for his hangers on to gain a benefice without actually suffering the inconvenience of having to visit it, or worse still live in it. This meant they could make a living from the fruits of the vicarage, without the necessity of having to do the work, whilst remaining at the centre of Church power, be it Rome or Avignon. As to the cure of souls, they could pay a clerk to do that out of their profits as absentee landlords!

This system was also good for the cardinal as he would be saved the expense of having to pay a salary to his courtiers from out of his own pocket. The courtiers in turn had a good chance of getting a lucrative benefice, as their master, the cardinal had plenty of incentive to get them one. Once they had an income, they could attend on the cardinal and concentrate on studies in his libraries or else working as part of the papal administration, without needing a salary. The fact that Adam was granted this privilege in 1394,  suggests that this was the first time that he ran a substantial court in Rome.

Dignetur sanctitas vestra concedere devote creature vestre ade tituli sancte Cecile presbeterio cardinali privilegem consuetum dar cardinalibus videlicet quod familiars sui possint praecipere fructus beneficiorum suorum et gaudere eisdem in absentia eorundem cum clausulis ac aliis non obstantis et clausulis oportunis ut informa fiat. Sine alia lectione fiat. Datum Rome apud sanctum petrum tertiodecimo kalendis octobris anno quinto.

May your holiness grant to your devoted servant Adam , cardinal priest of St Cecilia , the privilege which is customarily granted to cardinals, namely that his associates should be able to enjoy the fruits of his benefices [presumably the parishes he's been granted] in their absence [from the benefice], and no-one should confound this end which is given to present a favourable outcome. Given without any further reading at St Peters Rome, 30 Kalends October, year five.

ASV Reg Suppliche vol 104A

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