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Famine
1315 - 1319

The arrival of the Black Death in England is well known and attracted has attracted the attention of historians down the ages. What is less well documented is that at the start of the 14th century England was beset with disastrous crop failures, diseases not dissimilar to foot and mouth and there was wide spread starvation across the country. Here we have accounts of the disaster written by the Augustine Friar John Capgreave, Florence of Worcester, Adam Murimuth and the Benedictine John Trockelowe a monk of St Albans.

1315 In the year of the Lord one thousand three hundred and fifteen, apart from the above mentioned troubles with which England was overrun, hunger grew in the land as if God was sending ahead an omen of his displeasure. Namely meat began to run out, eggs and other things began to vanish. Capons and fowl could hardly be found, sheep died from a morraine (disease), pigs could not be reared because of the price of fodder. A quarter measure of wheat, beans and peas sold for twenty shillings, barley for one mark and oats for ten (marks). Even a quarter of salt commonly sold for thirty five shillings that in earlier times was utterly unheard of. Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde chronica et annales (ed Riley)

1315 In this year were such rains in harvest that bakers dried here corn in ovens so they might grind it; and the bread that was made thereof had no virtue, for as soon as men had eat they hungered again; whereof fell much mischief. Some died for hunger; they that were put out of household, wet into the country and robbed poor men. So much hunger grew in the land that four pennyworth of bread was not sufficient to feed a man for a day. The Chronicle of England by John Capgreave  (ed Rev Francis Hingeston 1858)

1316 In this year there was great mortality and barrenness in England, thus a quart of grain cost 30 shillings and more. From Adam Murimuth Continued Chronicle (ed Edward Thompson)

1317 In that same year was great morrain of beasts which began in Essex and after it spread through the land. It reigned most in oxen and when the beasts were dead dogs would not eat of the flesh. The Chronicle of England by John Capgreave  (ed Rev Francis Hingeston 1858)

1318 Anno Domini millesimo CCCXVIII. In this year an animal plague invaded the four corners of England so rapidly and of such a size that in no time death laid low so great multitude that in many parts oppressive financial ruin was inflicted so few richmen remained and poor men were in need. Flores Historiarum III 1265-1326

1319 That same year, a plague brought a plague and death to cattle all over England as great as any that could be remembered. During the plague it was noted ominously that when the dead bodies of the herds were eaten by crows and dogs, they immediately swelled up and fell down dead. As a result no human ate the meat of cows and by this chance none died from their poisons. The pestilence started at Easter time in Essex and lasted for the whole of one year. Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde chronica et annales (ed Riley)

1319 This year there was great mortality of animals, that is oxen and cows and other animals thus men who had oxen could only till their land with great difficulty or not at all. And in fact it was at its greatest at caristia (23rd February), the aforesaid mortality began in Scotland afterwards in EnglandAnd finally truly to the Marches of Wales around the feast of All Saints (1st November). Flores Historiarum III 1265-1326

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